{"id":49,"date":"2014-09-08T15:12:02","date_gmt":"2014-09-08T14:12:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/?p=49"},"modified":"2014-09-08T15:12:02","modified_gmt":"2014-09-08T14:12:02","slug":"romanticka-moda-mekke-kresby-cyklicke-navraty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/49\/romanticka-moda-mekke-kresby-cyklicke-navraty\/","title":{"rendered":"Romantick\u00e1 m\u00f3da m\u011bkk\u00e9 kresby: cyklick\u00e9 n\u00e1vraty"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dodnes si pamatuji z\u00e1sadu maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ostrosti u hlavn\u00edho motivu, (ostr\u00e9 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u0161e, ale nic v\u00edc!!) vy\u017eadovanou Jaroslavem Kulh\u00e1nkem<\/a> v 50. letech v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce \u010cernob\u00edl\u00e1 fotografie, kter\u00e1 m\u011b k t\u00e9to profesi p\u0159ivedla. Na m\u011bkkou kresbu bylo nahl\u00ed\u017eeno s p\u0159evahou (socialistick\u00e9ho) realismu nad \u00fapadkov\u00fdm (bur\u017eoazn\u00edm) romantismem.
\nPortr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u201ekan\u00f3ny\u201c byly k m\u00e1n\u00ed jen pro velkoform\u00e1tov\u00e9 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje; s unik\u00e1tn\u00edm a dnes sb\u011bratelsky velmi cen\u011bn\u00fdm a drah\u00fdm objektivem Nicola Perscheid<\/a> 210 mm f\/4,5 v Linhofce 9×12 jsem se dost natr\u00e1pil: portr\u00e9ty jsem tehdy s desk\u00e1\u010dem ned\u011blal a u d\u00e1lkov\u00fdch scen\u00e9ri\u00ed jsem se o ostrou kresbu marn\u011b pokou\u0161el.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Unik\u00e1tn\u00ed byl portr\u00e9tn\u00ed Voigtlander\u016fv Heliar s p\u0159estaviteln\u00fdm optick\u00fdm \u010dlenem pro \u0159\u00edzenou degradaci obrazu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b princip prom\u011bnliv\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti optick\u00fdch \u010dlen\u016f po\u010dal b\u00fdt vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n zejm\u00e9na u drah\u00fdch makro objektiv\u016f naopak ke zdokonalen\u00ed kresby. Ke zm\u011bk\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed degradaci umo\u017en\u011bn\u00e9 t\u00edmto principem se pro portr\u00e9tn\u00ed objektivy a\u017e po letech vr\u00e1til Nikon.<\/p>\n

Na trhu (zejm\u00e9na pro kinofilmov\u00e9 zrcadlovky) byly tehdy k m\u00e1n\u00ed objektivy dvou v\u00fdchodon\u011bmeck\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f: Zeisse a Meyera<\/a>, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ty prvn\u00ed byly o dost dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed a v\u011bt\u0161inou s ost\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed kresbou. Jen dnes trivi\u00e1ln\u00ed schopnost zaclonit objektiv na pracovn\u00ed clonu a\u017e v okam\u017eiku expozice se vyv\u00edjela snad desetilet\u00ed; po\u010dalo to p\u0159edvolbou (po zaost\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159i odclon\u011bn\u00e9m objektivu se rukou, krou\u017ekem na doraz nastavila p\u0159edem zvolen\u00e1 clona), posl\u00e9ze vylep\u0161en\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 natahovan\u00fdm p\u00e9rov\u00fdm mechanismem a posl\u00e9ze i automatickou clonou. Tu u\u017e Meyerovy objektivy nem\u00edvaly, dr\u017eely se klasick\u00e9 (a dnes vyhled\u00e1van\u00e9 a p\u0159ece\u0148ovan\u00e9) konstrukce clony s mnoha lamelami a ru\u010dn\u00edm ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm s p\u0159edvolbou. Dnes u bezzrcadlovek pot\u0159eba automatick\u00e9 clony odpad\u00e1 \u2013 sn\u00edma\u010d pohodln\u011b zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 zobrazen\u00ed sc\u00e9ny na displeji p\u0159i pracovn\u00ed clon\u011b.<\/p>\n

\"Sv\u00e9pomoc\u00ed<\/a>

Sv\u00e9pomoc\u00ed vyroben\u00fd portr\u00e9tn\u00ed objektiv f 150 mm pro 6×6 zrcadlovku Primarflex typu periskop, se sv\u011btelnost\u00ed omezenou kryc\u00ed clonou na 1:4,5. Takov\u00e1 p\u0159irozen\u011b m\u011bkk\u00e1 kresba s pozvoln\u00fdm n\u00e1stupem neostrosti se ov\u0161em zamatlanou \u010do\u010dkou nebo filtrem doc\u00edlit ned\u00e1…<\/p><\/div>\n

V\u011bt\u0161in\u011b z\u00e1jemc\u016f o m\u011bkkou kresbu sta\u010dilo nan\u00e9st na UV filtr trochu vazeliny, \u010di podr\u00e1pat okraje hrub\u00fdm smirkov\u00fdm pap\u00edrem. Po\u0159\u00e1d v\u0161ak byla k dispozici volba, \u017ee pokud jste po\u017eadovali ostrou a brilantn\u00ed kresbu, sta\u010dilo filtr sundat.
\nNi\u010d\u00edm jin\u00fdm ne\u017e m\u00f3dou si toti\u017e nelze vysv\u011btlit sou\u010dasn\u00fd raketov\u00fd vzr\u016fst bazarov\u00fdch cen, p\u0159ece\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed Meyerov\u00fdch objektiv\u016f a mnoholamelov\u00fdch clon s t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kruhov\u00fdm otvorem. Ten sice vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u00e1dhern\u00fd bokeh s krou\u017eky neostr\u00fdch sv\u011bteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f, av\u0161ak prakticky jen u nezaclon\u011bn\u00e9ho objektivu. Po\u017eadavek na kruhov\u00fd otvor u v\u0161ech clonov\u00fdch \u010d\u00edsel je tedy prakticky zbyte\u010dn\u00fd, nebo\u0165 tento efekt je markantn\u00ed pouze u portr\u00e9tn\u00edch a detailn\u00edch z\u00e1b\u011br\u016f.
\nM\u00f3da tedy ur\u010duje popt\u00e1vku po n\u011b\u010dem odli\u0161n\u00e9m, by\u0165 prakticky nevyu\u017eiteln\u00e9m. Tedy stejn\u011b jako u vysoce sv\u011bteln\u00fdch objektiv\u016f, po nich\u017e fotografov\u00e9 tou\u017e\u00ed, ale kter\u00e9 se neodva\u017euj\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat \u201ena plnou d\u00edru\u201c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dodnes si pamatuji z\u00e1sadu maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ostrosti u hlavn\u00edho motivu, (ostr\u00e9 m\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u0161e, ale nic v\u00edc!!) vy\u017eadovanou Jaroslavem Kulh\u00e1nkem v 50. letech v p\u0159\u00edru\u010dce \u010cernob\u00edl\u00e1 fotografie, kter\u00e1 m\u011b k t\u00e9to profesi p\u0159ivedla. Na m\u011bkkou kresbu bylo nahl\u00ed\u017eeno s p\u0159evahou (socialistick\u00e9ho)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=49"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/49\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=49"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=49"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=49"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}