{"id":19,"date":"2014-06-26T10:01:18","date_gmt":"2014-06-26T09:01:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/?p=19"},"modified":"2014-06-30T08:12:48","modified_gmt":"2014-06-30T07:12:48","slug":"digitalni-era-a-prebijena-s-rozlisenim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/19\/digitalni-era-a-prebijena-s-rozlisenim\/","title":{"rendered":"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00e9ra a p\u0159eb\u00edjen\u00e1 s rozli\u0161en\u00edm"},"content":{"rendered":"

Revoluce se z\u00e1znamem obrazu formou elektronicky p\u0159enesen\u00fdch dat z \u010dipu u\u017e vzhledem k jeho mal\u00e9mu form\u00e1tu za\u010d\u00ednala hned s p\u0159\u00edstroji odvozen\u00fdmi od klasick\u00e9 Leicy. Probl\u00e9m s ost\u0159en\u00edm u tak mal\u00fdch z\u00e1znamov\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f si od po\u010d\u00e1tku vynutil i novinku \u2013 automatick\u00e9 ost\u0159en\u00ed, autofokus. Se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm principem posouzen\u00ed ostrosti vzr\u016fstem kontrastu. Po\u010det z\u00e1znamov\u00fdch pixel\u016f \u010dipu pochopiteln\u011b prim\u00e1rn\u011b ur\u010doval form\u00e1t pou\u017eitelnosti v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 prezentace. Jejich mno\u017estv\u00ed bylo prvotn\u00edm marketingov\u00fdm tah\u00e1kem a rozli\u0161en\u00ed \u010dip\u016f od cca 0,8 MPx se z\u00e1hy rozrostlo na 8 MPx i u levn\u00fdch kompakt\u016f a dnes u\u017e i mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kvalitn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroje pochopiteln\u011b p\u0159evzaly princip jednook\u00e9 zrcadlovky a konkuren\u010dn\u00ed boj se z r\u016fstu rozli\u0161en\u00ed \u010dipu p\u0159esunul na schopnost rychl\u00e9ho autofokusu. Roli pochopiteln\u011b st\u00e1le hraje i jeho velikost; v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010dip umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u017eit\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed citlivosti bez n\u00e1r\u016fstu \u0161umu. Vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed tak do\u0161lo k z\u00e1konit\u00e9 kategorizaci:<\/p>\n

\u2013 kompakty pro nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed s mini\u010dipy a pevn\u011b zabudovan\u00fdmi objektivy
\n\u2013 form\u00e1t 4\/3 s rozm\u011bry \u010dipu 13,5×18 mm (a tedy u\u017e s cca 8x v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed plochou ne\u017e kompakty) u\u017e s mo\u017enost\u00ed v\u00fdm\u011bny objektiv\u016f, jejich\u017e fyzickou ohniskov\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost nutno pro p\u0159epo\u010det k Leica form\u00e1tu n\u00e1sobit 2x
\n\u2013 form\u00e1t APS-C odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed „p\u016flen\u00e9mu kinofilmu“ \u2013 tedy rozm\u011bru 18×24 mm a s koeficientem takov\u00e9ho p\u0159epo\u010dtu (crop faktor) 1,5x
\n\u2013 a „FF form\u00e1t“ <\/a>dr\u017e\u00edc\u00ed se rozm\u011bru 24×36 mm pol\u00ed\u010dka p\u016fvodn\u00ed Leicy.<\/p>\n

Tento v\u00fd\u010det pochopiteln\u011b nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u00fd, nezmi\u0148uji se o speci\u00e1ln\u00edch skenovac\u00edch st\u011bn\u00e1ch pro syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 velkoform\u00e1tov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstroje \u010di drah\u00e9 st\u0159edoform\u00e1tov\u00e9 profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed speci\u00e1ly typu Hasselblad. Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed kvalitn\u00edho a profesion\u00e1ln\u011b vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9ho z\u00e1znamu vyhovuj\u00ed u\u017e v\u0161echny kategorie p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f s v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdmi objektivy, proto\u017ee kvalita objektivu je pro v\u00fdsledn\u00fd obraz ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed. Zd\u00e1lo se tedy, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj fotografick\u00e9 techniky budou dominuj\u00edc\u00ed zrcadlovky posunovat jen zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm rychlosti zaost\u0159en\u00ed a s\u00e9riov\u00e9ho sn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, r\u016fstem rozli\u0161en\u00ed a citlivosti \u010dipu. Plus mo\u017enost nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed videa, mobiln\u00edch a dotykov\u00fdch displej\u016f atd., atd.<\/p>\n

Co p\u0159ineslo dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fd zlom? Dle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru je to konstrukce elektronick\u00e9ho hled\u00e1\u010dku s\u00a0vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm nad 2 MPx, s kvalitou n\u00e1hledu srovnatelnou s optick\u00fdm hled\u00e1\u010dkem zrcadlovek. Tedy \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 kompakt\u016fm s v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdmi objektivy (ozna\u010dovan\u00fdm CSC \u010di mirrorlessy) umo\u017enilo se vyrovnat zrcadlovk\u00e1m (DSLR). Tyto p\u0159\u00edstroje se mohly zbavit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm slo\u017eit\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu vratn\u00e9ho zrc\u00e1tka a t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9ho pentagon\u00e1ln\u00edho hranolu. Objektivy pak \u0159ady \u010do\u010dek retrofokusov\u00e9 konstrukce, kterou si prostor pro zrc\u00e1tko vynucuje, i mechanick\u00fd p\u0159enos pracovn\u00ed clony v okam\u017eiku expozice.<\/p>\n

\"Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed<\/a>

CSC bezzrcadlovky umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed s manu\u00e1ln\u00edm ost\u0159en\u00edm pr\u00e1ci s kvalitn\u00edmi analogov\u00fdmi objektivy. \u0160irok\u00e1\u010d Miranda MC Macro 24 mm \/ f2,8 m\u00e1 na tomto 16 MPx \u010dipu p\u0159epo\u010dtenou ohniskovou vzd\u00e1lenost 36 mm s ost\u0159en\u00edm od 17 cm od roviny \u010dipu<\/p><\/div>\n

To, co pova\u017euji za podstatnou v\u00fdhodu t\u011bchto CSC „bezzrcadlovek“<\/a>, je mo\u017enost pou\u017e\u00edt s jednoduch\u00fdm adapt\u00e9rem prakticky jak\u00fdkoli objektiv. Elektronick\u00fd obraz toti\u017e sledov\u00e1n\u00ed sc\u00e9ny p\u0159i pln\u011b otev\u0159en\u00e9 clon\u011b nevy\u017eaduje a automaticky upravuje sv\u016fj jas podle histogramu. M\u016f\u017eete v n\u011bm tedy pozorovat sc\u00e9nu i z d\u00edrkov\u00e9 komory. Nav\u00edc sc\u00e9nu posuzujete s hloubkou ostrosti odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed nastaven\u00e9 clon\u011b, co\u017e u\u017e je u zrcadlovky ztmaven\u00edm pozorovan\u00e9ho obrazu v hled\u00e1\u010dku po zaclon\u011bn\u00ed problematick\u00e9. Rozm\u011bry a hmotnost p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f se tak m\u016f\u017ee vracet k parametr\u016fm ov\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm Leicou i p\u0159i n\u00e1roc\u00edch na profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed kvalitu v\u00fdstupu, dnes s\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm cca 16\u201324 MPx.<\/p>\n

Objektivy, kter\u00e9 se v setu s t\u011blem ke koupi nab\u00edzej\u00ed \u2013 obvykle s cca \u010dty\u0159n\u00e1sobn\u00fdm \u010di je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zoomem \u2013 ov\u0161em svou kvalitou nijak nevynikaj\u00ed a vyhovuj\u00ed jen nep\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm. Za ty kvalitn\u00ed si pak p\u0159iplat\u00edte; \u010dasto s cenou kolem 1000 USD jsou dra\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cel\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed set.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Revoluce se z\u00e1znamem obrazu formou elektronicky p\u0159enesen\u00fdch dat z \u010dipu u\u017e vzhledem k jeho mal\u00e9mu form\u00e1tu za\u010d\u00ednala hned s p\u0159\u00edstroji odvozen\u00fdmi od klasick\u00e9 Leicy. Probl\u00e9m s ost\u0159en\u00edm u tak mal\u00fdch z\u00e1znamov\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f si od po\u010d\u00e1tku vynutil i novinku \u2013 automatick\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enface.cz\/7x10\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}